Assad’s Era Ends as Syrians Celebrate and Contemplate Return

Syria witnessed the end of Bashar al-Assad’s 24-year reign, marking a significant shift in the Middle East’s political landscape. Following a rapid and decisive campaign, opposition forces entered Damascus, declaring the city free from Assad’s control. This momentous event, broadcasted live on Syrian national television, was celebrated across the country and by the Syrian diaspora worldwide, signaling a new era of hope and potential reconciliation.

The Exodus and the Return

With the fall of Assad, Syrians abroad, including those in Germany and other parts of Europe, are now contemplating a return to their homeland. The closure of the Masnaa border crossing by Lebanese security overnight, followed by its reopening, allowed Syrians in Lebanon to return home, while restricting entry from Syria. This change comes as regions previously inaccessible due to the conflict, such as Idlib and Aleppo, are now welcoming back their residents. Carsten Wieland, a Middle East expert, highlighted that the fear of persecution under Assad’s regime is no longer a deterrent, creating a less refugee-driven and more return-oriented situation.

Celebrations and Challenges Ahead

In Berlin, thousands of Syrians gathered to celebrate the regime change, with peaceful demonstrations observed in Oranienplatz and Neukölln. These celebrations were mirrored in Damascus and other cities within Syria, where residents expressed their relief and joy through public gatherings and the removal of Assad’s images. However, the new leadership faces the immediate challenge of maintaining order and addressing the needs of a war-weary population. Prime Minister Mohammad Ghazi al-Jalali emphasized the government’s readiness to cooperate with the opposition to ensure a smooth transition.

The Role of HTS and International Responses

Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), a major player in the opposition, has taken a pragmatic approach by urging fighters to preserve public property and refrain from vengeance. Despite HTS’s controversial status as a terrorist group by Western governments, its role in overthrowing Assad has been pivotal. The international community remains cautious, with figures like France’s Thomas Pierret recognizing the pragmatic radicalism of HTS leader Muhammad al-Julani. Germany’s Foreign Minister, Annalena Baerbock, expressed relief at Assad’s downfall but warned against the potential rise of other radical groups.

Syria’s Path Forward

As Syria embarks on this new chapter, the global Syrian community watches closely, hopeful yet aware of the challenges that lie ahead. The cessation of Assad’s rule offers a chance to rebuild a nation torn by years of conflict, but the road to recovery is fraught with uncertainty. The task now is not just to celebrate liberation but to construct a lasting peace that benefits all Syrians, regardless of their political affiliations.

The fall of Bashar al-Assad heralds a potentially transformative period for Syria and its people. As the world observes, the Syrian diaspora remains poised between cautious optimism and the realistic challenges of rebuilding their homeland. The era of Assad is over, and Syria now stands at a crossroads, with the eyes of the world watching what comes next.